feat: Refactor database configuration loading and seeding logic for improved clarity and maintainability

.clinerules

@@ -33,14 +33,17 @@
 - Client components must use TanStack Query
 - UI state management via Zustand
 
-7. DEVOPS
-- Docker builds must pass Hadolint checks
-- Kubernetes manifests in gitops/ directory
-- Monitoring via OpenTelemetry instrumentation
 
 8. DEVELOPMENT WORKFLOW
-- Use Makefile commands for common tasks:
+- Makefile commands are only available in the backend folder
+- Common make commands:
   - make generate: Run code generation (tygo, swagger, etc.)
   - make test: Run all tests
   - make build: Build the application
+
+9. CUSTOM RULES
+- Add custom rules to .clinerules if:
+  - Unexpected behavior is encountered
+  - Specific conditions require warnings
+  - New patterns emerge that need documentation
   - make run: Start the development server

backend/Makefile

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+
 # Time Tracker Backend Makefile
 
 .PHONY: db-start db-stop db-test model-test run build clean migrate seed help

backend/cmd/api/main.go

@@ -86,12 +86,6 @@ func main() {
 		log.Fatalf("Error migrating database: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	// Seed database with initial data if needed
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	if err := models.SeedDB(ctx); err != nil {
-		log.Fatalf("Error seeding database: %v", err)
-	}
-
 	// Create Gin router
 	r := gin.Default()
 

backend/cmd/seed/main.go

@@ -2,56 +2,28 @@ package main
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"flag"
 	"fmt"
 	"log"
-	"os"
-	"time"
 
+	"github.com/timetracker/backend/internal/config"
 	"github.com/timetracker/backend/internal/models"
-	"gorm.io/gorm/logger"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
 )
 
 func main() {
-	// Parse command line flags
+	// Parse CLI flags
-	force := false
+	_ = flag.String("config", "", "Path to .env config file")
-	for _, arg := range os.Args[1:] {
+	flag.Parse()
-		if arg == "--force" || arg == "-f" {
-			force = true
-		}
-	}
 
-	// Get database configuration with sensible defaults
+	// Load configuration
-	dbConfig := models.DefaultDatabaseConfig()
+	cfg, err := config.LoadConfig()
-
+	if err != nil {
-	// Override with environment variables if provided
+		log.Fatalf("Failed to load config: %v", err)
-	if host := os.Getenv("DB_HOST"); host != "" {
-		dbConfig.Host = host
 	}
-	if port := os.Getenv("DB_PORT"); port != "" {
-		var portInt int
-		if _, err := fmt.Sscanf(port, "%d", &portInt); err == nil && portInt > 0 {
-			dbConfig.Port = portInt
-		}
-	}
-	if user := os.Getenv("DB_USER"); user != "" {
-		dbConfig.User = user
-	}
-	if password := os.Getenv("DB_PASSWORD"); password != "" {
-		dbConfig.Password = password
-	}
-	if dbName := os.Getenv("DB_NAME"); dbName != "" {
-		dbConfig.DBName = dbName
-	}
-	if sslMode := os.Getenv("DB_SSLMODE"); sslMode != "" {
-		dbConfig.SSLMode = sslMode
-	}
-
-	// Set log level
-	dbConfig.LogLevel = logger.Info
 
 	// Initialize database
-	fmt.Println("Connecting to database...")
+	if err := models.InitDB(cfg.Database); err != nil {
-	if err := models.InitDB(dbConfig); err != nil {
 		log.Fatalf("Error initializing database: %v", err)
 	}
 	defer func() {
@@ -59,31 +31,62 @@ func main() {
 			log.Printf("Error closing database connection: %v", err)
 		}
 	}()
-	fmt.Println("✓ Database connection successful")
 
-	// Create context with timeout
+	// Execute seed operation
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)
+	if err := seedDatabase(context.Background()); err != nil {
-	defer cancel()
-
-	// Check if we need to seed (e.g., no companies exist)
-	if !force {
-		var count int64
-		db := models.GetEngine(ctx)
-		if err := db.Model(&models.Company{}).Count(&count).Error; err != nil {
-			log.Fatalf("Error checking if seeding is needed: %v", err)
-		}
-
-		// If data already exists, skip seeding
-		if count > 0 {
-			fmt.Println("Database already contains data. Use --force to override.")
-			return
-		}
-	}
-
-	// Seed the database
-	fmt.Println("Seeding database with initial data...")
-	if err := models.SeedDB(ctx); err != nil {
 		log.Fatalf("Error seeding database: %v", err)
 	}
-	fmt.Println("✓ Database seeding completed successfully")
+
+	log.Println("Database seeding completed successfully")
+}
+
+// seedDatabase performs the database seeding operation
+func seedDatabase(ctx context.Context) error {
+	// Check if seeding is needed
+	var count int64
+	if err := models.GetEngine(ctx).Model(&models.Company{}).Count(&count).Error; err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("error checking if seeding is needed: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// If data exists, skip seeding
+	if count > 0 {
+		log.Println("Database already contains data, skipping seeding")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	log.Println("Seeding database with initial data...")
+
+	// Start transaction
+	return models.GetEngine(ctx).Transaction(func(tx *gorm.DB) error {
+		// Create default company
+		defaultCompany := models.Company{
+			Name: "Default Company",
+		}
+		if err := tx.Create(&defaultCompany).Error; err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("error creating default company: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		// Create admin user
+		adminUser := models.User{
+			Email:      "admin@example.com",
+			Role:       models.RoleAdmin,
+			CompanyID:  defaultCompany.ID,
+			HourlyRate: 100.0,
+		}
+
+		// Hash password
+		pwData, err := models.HashPassword("Admin@123456")
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("error hashing password: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		adminUser.Salt = pwData.Salt
+		adminUser.Hash = pwData.Hash
+
+		if err := tx.Create(&adminUser).Error; err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("error creating admin user: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	})
 }

backend/go.mod

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ go 1.23.6
 
 require (
 	github.com/gin-gonic/gin v1.10.0
+	github.com/joho/godotenv v1.5.1
 	github.com/oklog/ulid/v2 v2.1.0
 	github.com/swaggo/files v1.0.1
 	github.com/swaggo/gin-swagger v1.6.0

backend/go.sum

@@ -54,6 +54,8 @@ github.com/jinzhu/inflection v1.0.0 h1:K317FqzuhWc8YvSVlFMCCUb36O/S9MCKRDI7QkRKD
 github.com/jinzhu/inflection v1.0.0/go.mod h1:h+uFLlag+Qp1Va5pdKtLDYj+kHp5pxUVkryuEj+Srlc=
 github.com/jinzhu/now v1.1.5 h1:/o9tlHleP7gOFmsnYNz3RGnqzefHA47wQpKrrdTIwXQ=
 github.com/jinzhu/now v1.1.5/go.mod h1:d3SSVoowX0Lcu0IBviAWJpolVfI5UJVZZ7cO71lE/z8=
+github.com/joho/godotenv v1.5.1 h1:7eLL/+HRGLY0ldzfGMeQkb7vMd0as4CfYvUVzLqw0N0=
+github.com/joho/godotenv v1.5.1/go.mod h1:f4LDr5Voq0i2e/R5DDNOoa2zzDfwtkZa6DnEwAbqwq4=
 github.com/josharian/intern v1.0.0 h1:vlS4z54oSdjm0bgjRigI+G1HpF+tI+9rE5LLzOg8HmY=
 github.com/josharian/intern v1.0.0/go.mod h1:5DoeVV0s6jJacbCEi61lwdGj/aVlrQvzHFFd8Hwg//Y=
 github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.12 h1:PV8peI4a0ysnczrg+LtxykD8LfKY9ML6u2jnxaEnrnM=

backend/internal/config/config.go

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+package config
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"os"
+	"strconv"
+
+	"github.com/joho/godotenv"
+	"github.com/timetracker/backend/internal/models"
+	"gorm.io/gorm/logger"
+)
+
+// Config represents the application configuration
+type Config struct {
+	Database models.DatabaseConfig
+}
+
+// LoadConfig loads configuration from environment variables and .env file
+func LoadConfig() (*Config, error) {
+	// Try loading .env file, but don't fail if it doesn't exist
+	_ = godotenv.Load()
+
+	cfg := &Config{
+		Database: models.DefaultDatabaseConfig(),
+	}
+
+	// Load database configuration
+	if err := loadDatabaseConfig(cfg); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to load database config: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return cfg, nil
+}
+
+// loadDatabaseConfig loads database configuration from environment
+func loadDatabaseConfig(cfg *Config) error {
+	// Required fields
+	cfg.Database.Host = getEnv("DB_HOST", cfg.Database.Host)
+	cfg.Database.User = getEnv("DB_USER", cfg.Database.User)
+	cfg.Database.Password = getEnv("DB_PASSWORD", cfg.Database.Password)
+	cfg.Database.DBName = getEnv("DB_NAME", cfg.Database.DBName)
+	cfg.Database.SSLMode = getEnv("DB_SSLMODE", cfg.Database.SSLMode)
+
+	// Optional fields with parsing
+	if port := getEnv("DB_PORT", ""); port != "" {
+		portInt, err := strconv.Atoi(port)
+		if err != nil || portInt <= 0 {
+			return errors.New("invalid DB_PORT value")
+		}
+		cfg.Database.Port = portInt
+	}
+
+	// Log level based on environment
+	if os.Getenv("ENVIRONMENT") == "production" {
+		cfg.Database.LogLevel = logger.Error
+	} else {
+		cfg.Database.LogLevel = logger.Info
+	}
+
+	// Validate required fields
+	if cfg.Database.Host == "" || cfg.Database.User == "" ||
+		cfg.Database.Password == "" || cfg.Database.DBName == "" {
+		return errors.New("missing required database configuration")
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// getEnv gets an environment variable with fallback
+func getEnv(key, fallback string) string {
+	if value, exists := os.LookupEnv(key); exists {
+		return value
+	}
+	return fallback
+}
+
+// MustLoadConfig loads configuration or panics on failure
+func MustLoadConfig() *Config {
+	cfg, err := LoadConfig()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("Failed to load config: %v", err)
+	}
+	return cfg
+}

backend/internal/models/db.go

@@ -114,64 +114,6 @@ func MigrateDB() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// SeedDB seeds the database with initial data if needed
-func SeedDB(ctx context.Context) error {
-	if defaultDB == nil {
-		return errors.New("database not initialized")
-	}
-
-	log.Println("Checking if database seeding is needed...")
-
-	// Check if we need to seed (e.g., no companies exist)
-	var count int64
-	if err := defaultDB.Model(&Company{}).Count(&count).Error; err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("error checking if seeding is needed: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	// If data already exists, skip seeding
-	if count > 0 {
-		log.Println("Database already contains data, skipping seeding")
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	log.Println("Seeding database with initial data...")
-
-	// Start a transaction for all seed operations
-	return defaultDB.Transaction(func(tx *gorm.DB) error {
-		// Create a default company
-		defaultCompany := Company{
-			Name: "Default Company",
-		}
-		if err := tx.Create(&defaultCompany).Error; err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("error creating default company: %w", err)
-		}
-
-		// Create an admin user
-		adminUser := User{
-			Email:      "admin@example.com",
-			Role:       RoleAdmin,
-			CompanyID:  defaultCompany.ID,
-			HourlyRate: 100.0,
-		}
-
-		// Hash a default password
-		pwData, err := HashPassword("Admin@123456")
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("error hashing password: %w", err)
-		}
-
-		adminUser.Salt = pwData.Salt
-		adminUser.Hash = pwData.Hash
-
-		if err := tx.Create(&adminUser).Error; err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("error creating admin user: %w", err)
-		}
-
-		log.Println("Database seeding completed successfully")
-		return nil
-	})
-}
-
 // GetEngine returns the DB instance, possibly with context
 func GetEngine(ctx context.Context) *gorm.DB {
 	if defaultDB == nil {